Bioaccumulation of potentially toxic elements by indigenous and exotic trees growing around a copper leaching plant in Mufulira, Zambia

Abstract Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) from mining industries pollute the surrounding environment and threaten health of communities. Worldwide, exotic indigenous trees are being recommended for green belts to trap dust thereby limit dispersion PTEs. This study compares potential ( Eucalyptus grandis E. camaldulensis ) native Brachystegia longifolia tree species in Zambia accumulate PTEs evaluate their ability biomonitor heavy metal pollution. Tree bark leaf samples were collected 10 per growing at same site downwind a copper-leaching plant. Thirty topsoil one metre each sampled trunk. Portable X-ray fluorescence was used analyse elemental composition concentration trace plant soil samples. Pollution indices establish status degree contamination, while bioaccumulation factor determined studied Heavy metals, including Mn, Ni, Pb, Cd, Cu, Fe Zn detected across biomass samples, with significant variation between parts. The pollution established that is highly contaminated Cu. varied following order > B. both leaves. Determined factors indicated Mn accumulation abilities all suggesting biomonitoring phytoremediation potential. implies have Zn. Furthermore, higher Cu bark, this can be attributed emissions industrial activities. presents new insights into improving management polluted environments through which guide selection appropriate greenbelts areas.